An Introduction: Mankind put two and two together as early as 19th century, Telemetry as it was first called, is an automated communication process by which data is collected at remote or inaccessible points and transmitted to receiving equipment for monitoring.
Over time the technology used for sending, measuring, transmitting and analyzing evolved, for e.g., the sensors sensitive and accuracy improved, transmission evolved from hardwired phone lines to radio signals, in-memory analytics made real-time response possible, the power required to run the unit decreased, batteries got better, possibilities multiplied.
The combination of wireless sensors, the internet and advanced analytics on computers together created the technology that we all have come to know as M2M (Machine to Machine Communication) and IoT (The Internet of Things).
Example: Let us take the case of a transportation company that wants to track and secure precious cargo as it is being transported across the country, you would place sensors within the container that will send real-time data to a GSM mobile network, which in turn is connected to the internet. These incoming streams of data are picked up by a specialized software that can pinpoint the cargo in real-time on a map on your screen.
Now consider placing a temperature and humidity sensors alongside to transport sensitive cargo, which measure and provide real-time feedback that you can act on before it is too late. This feedback loop makes M2M invaluable in a number of industries and ensures fewer dollars are wasted. e.g., vehicle telematics, consumer electronics, healthcare, point-of-sale, fleet tracking, asset monitoring, energy,resource distribution and utilization, research, wildlife, etc.
IoT plans to take M2M to a whole another level by giving an unique identifier (IP Address) to all objects including animals and people, and the ability to transfer data similar to an M2M solution over a network with zero human interaction.
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